Today’s key topics:
Closely-Related Key
- no more than one accidental difference between key signatures
- new tonic chord of closely-related key is diatonic to original key
Common-Chord (Pivot) Modulation
- pivot chord is usually chord before new dominant
- pivot chord must be diatonic in both keys
Chromatic Modulation
- usually involves direct motion to a dominant-class harmony (V or vii°)
- chromaticism usually appears in bass
- usually occurs early in a phrase to allow for establishment of new key with strong cadence
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